Pelecanus occidentalis Linnaeus Brown Pelican

Both Gibbs (1893a; 124) and Barrows (1912: 69, 735) quoted reports of Brown Pelicans taken in Michigan, but they did not themselves examine the birds referred to, and no Michigan specimen is now known.

Anser albifrons albifrons (Scopoli) White-fronted Goose

Barrows (1912: 116-17) listed the White-fronted Goose for Michigan, but cited no unquestionable record. There are sight records from Munus- cong Bay, Chippewa County, May 16 to 22, 1929 (Christofferson), and from Union Pier, Berrien County, November 3, 1933 (G. F. Raz, 1935: 200). No Michigan specimen is known, but specimens have been taken on the St. Clair Flats, Ontario (J. H. Fleming, 1906: 453).

Eicmus leucurus majusculus Bangs and Penard White-tailed Kite

Barrows (1912: 260-61), Covert (1881: 188), and A. J. Cook (1893:61) listed the White-tailed Kite for Michigan, but Swales (1913: 33-34) pointed out that the evidence was inadequate.

Ictinia misisippiensis (Wilson) Mississippi Kite

The Mississippi Kite was listed for Michigan by Gibbs (1879: 490), A. J. Cook (1893: 61), and Barrows (1912 : 261). The basis for these listings was a manuscript record of a specimen taken by D. D. Hughes in Cass County, a record which Swales (1913: 34) considered "vague and unsatis- factory."

Lagopus lagopus (Linnaeus) Willow Ptarmigan

Gibbs (1879 : 491) listed the Willow Ptarmigan for Michigan. Barrows (1912: 228) thought that it had formerly occurred in the state, at least on Keweenaw Point; however, he knew of no Michigan specimens. In 1931 Leo C. Anderson reported that he had seen 2 in December, 1921, near Iron- wood, Gogebic County.

Numenius americanus Bechstein Long-billed Curlew

Barrows (1912: 203-4) included the Long-billed Curlew in his Michi- gan list on the basis of doubtful records. Oberholser (1918: 188-95;1918a: 350-51) published a supposed record of this curlew breeding in Michigan and later corrected his statement. No Michigan specimen is known.

Recurvirostra americana Gmelin Avocet

Barrows (1912: 169-70) listed the Avoeet for Michigan but was un- able to verify reports of specimens taken here.

Himantopus mexicanus (Muller) Black-necked Stilt

Barrows (1912: 170-71) had examined no Michigan specimen of the Black-necked Stilt; he included it in his list on the basis of rather question- able records.

Larus pipixcan Wagler Franklin's Gull

Franklin's Gull was listed for Michigan by Gibbs (1879: 495) and Bar- rows (1912: 55, 734). Barrows, however, stated that he knew of no Michi- gan specimen or unquestionable record (see also Swales, 1913: 30). In re- cent years, Franklin's Gull has been reported twice in Michigan: by E. R. Ford (1927: 116) on June 11, 1922 (1 seen at Ottawa Beach, Ottawa County); and by Trautman and L. "W. Campbell on November 24, 1938 (1 seen in Erie Township, Monroe County). Campbell has collected the spe- cies nearby in Ohio.

Rissa tridactyla tridactyla (Linnaeus) Atlantic Kittiwake

Gibbs (1879: 495), J. Claire "Wood (1892:17), S. E. White (1893: 222), and Boies (1897: 17) all listed the Atlantic Kittiwake for Michigan. Bar- rows (1912: 50), although he included it in his list, pointed out that there had always been (' some doubt as to its right to the place,'' and there is no" wholly satisfactory record.

Pica pica Tiudsonia (Sabine) American Magpie

Barrows (1912: 411-12) thought that the American Magpie had formerly occurred in Michigan. It had been listed by Fox (1853:161), Kneeland (1857: 235), and others, but no wholly satisfactory record is known.

Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus) European Goldfinch

In 1913 Henry Ford liberated a number of European Goldfinches in Detroit (J. C. Phillips, 1928: 49). On February 9, 1926, Leonard Wing (1926o; 157) collected 1 of the species (U.M.M.Z.) at Ann Arbor. The bird was possibly a descendant of the liberated birds.